Gerhard von Rad (21 October 1901 – 31 October 1971) was a German Lutheran pastor, University professor and an Old Testament scholar.
With the experience of two World Wars, the German-speaking world began to turn "anti-Old Testament". Disturbed by this, Rad turned to the study of the Old Testament and gradually started to bring back its message.[1]
His lively papers achieved a renewal of interest and research in Old Testament studies.[2] Along with Martin Noth, he applied research into the Pentateuch's oral tradition to the explanation of its origin.[3]
Life
Gerhard von Rad was born in Nuremberg, Kingdom of Bavaria, to Lutheran parents,[4] and was educated at the University of Erlangen and at the University of Tübingen.
In 1925 he became a curate in the Lutheran Landeskirche (i.e. the church in the federal state) of Bavaria.[5]
Later, he taught at the University of Erlangen in 1929 as tutor. In 1930 he was a privatdozent at the University of Leipzig.[5]
From 1934 to 1945 he served as a professor at the University of Jena and later at the University of Göttingen from 1945 to 1949.[6]
After that, he became Professor of Old Testament at the Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg in the state of Baden-Württemberg and taught there until his death in 1971.[5]
He was conferred honorary doctorates from the University of Lund, Sweden and the University of Wales, United Kingdom.[7]
Death
Oral tradition and the Pentateuch
Along with Martin Noth, von Rad applied form criticism, originated by Hermann Gunkel, to the documentary hypothesis.[3]
“....a major contributor to Old Testament studies
following the literary-critical tradition of Wellhausen and the form-critical and
the traditio-historical approach of Hermann Gunkel as
developed by Albrecht
Alt and Martin Noth.”
|
“…the Bible for von Rad, in the final analysis, is
neither history nor literature, but rather the confessions of a
community.
|
“...a number of von Rad's innovative papers prepared the
way for the blossoming of Old Testament studies in Germany during the first decennia
after the Second World War.”
|
“A new methodological approach for OT theology, one that
deserves to be put in a class by itself, is that of Gerhard von Rad. His OT
theology needs to be understood as the theology of the historical and
prophetic traditions.”
|
“In his theology, with its challenge of previous
methodologies and with its new proposals, von Rad (1901-71) inaugurated a new
epoch in the study of Old Testament theology. He argued against any
organization of Old Testament theology along the lines of central concepts,
pervasive topics, assumed structures of Israelite thought or world of faith,
or systematic theological categories which had been characteristic, in one
way or another, of all the theologies of the twentieth century since this was
to impose an alien structure on the material.”
|
“Gerhard Von Rad has been a regular contributor to Old
Testament studies since 1929, although his main works were published between
1947 and 1960. His major writings include his studies on Deuteronomy; his
commentary on Genesis; his two volumes of Theology of the Old Testament
and a representative selection of his essays, extending from 1931 through
1964, which were translated and published as The Problem of the Hexateuch
and other Essays in 1966, though the bulk of these were written in the
late 1940s.”
|
- The Problem of the Hexateuch and other essays ISBN 0-334-01310-0
- Genesis: A Commentary (Old Testament
Library) ISBN 0-664-20957-2
- Deuteronomy: A Commentary (Old
Testament Library) ISBN 0-664-20734-0
- Studies in Deuteronomy (Studies in Biblical
theology) ASIN B0007JWYNA
- Old Testament Theology ISBN 0-334-01182-5
- Old Testament Theology, One-Volume Edition ISBN 1-56563-652-X
- The Message of the Prophets: Old Testament Theology ISBN 0-334-01005-5
- Holy War in Ancient Israel ISBN 0-85244-208-4
- Das Alte Testament Deutsch (ATD),
Tlbd.2/4, Das erste Buch Mose, Genesis ISBN 3-525-51112-4 (This textbook
series of detailed theological commentaries on individual books of the
bible translates as "The Old Testament [in] German"; the volume
is on the book of Genesis)
- God at work in Israel ISBN 0-687-14960-6
- Biblical interpretations in preaching ISBN 0-687-03444-2
- Gottes Wirken in Israel: Vorträge zum Alten Testament ISBN 3-7887-0404-7 ("God's acting
in Israel: [public] lectures on the Old Testament")
- Wisdom in Israel ISBN 0-687-45756-4 (translation of the
German book below ?)
- The message of the prophets ASIN
B0006C6BA0
- Weisheit in Israel ASIN B000E1Q3CY
("Wisdom in Israel")
- Theologie des Alten Testaments (Einführung in die evangelische Theologie) ASIN B0007JBBTI
("Theology of the Old Testament"/ series title:
"Introduction into 'evangelisch'[e] theology"
["evangelisch" in German is used in a similar sense as
"Protestant" in English, but has other connotations; hence it is
not directly translatable; it usually refers to lutheran or closely related faith and theology, or Christians adhering to it)
- Basileia (Bible Key Words from Gerhard Kittel's Theologisches
Wörterbuch zum Neuen Testament) ASIN B000BGT0RW
- Theologie des Alten Testaments, Bd. 2. ISBN 3-579-05003-6 (vol.2 of the title
above)
- Kaiser Taschenbücher, Bd.1, Theologie des Alten Testaments. Die
Theologie der geschichtlichen Überlieferungen Israels. ISBN 3-579-05002-8 ("Kaiser
[publisher's name] pocketbooks, vol.1, "Theology of the Old
Testament. Theology of the historical tradition of Israel")
- Das Alte Testament Deutsch (ATD),
Tlbd.8 : Das fünfte Buch Mose (Deuteronomium) ISBN 3-525-51136-1 (the volume on the
book Deuteronomium of the series mentioned above)
- Erinnerungen aus der Kriegsgefangenschaft, Frühjahr 1945 ISBN 3-7887-0507-8 ("Memories of a
prisoner of war, spring 1945")
- Predigt-Meditationen ISBN 3-525-60237-5 ("Sermon
meditations")
- Eirene (Pocket crammer series) ASIN
B0007FP9LI
- Origin of the concept of the day of Yahweh ASIN B0007JF2HA
- From Genesis to Chronicles: Explorations in Old Testament Theology ISBN 0-8006-3718-6 (review)
- Book of Deuteronomy
- Biblical
Criticism, Form Criticism
- Martin Noth
- Deuteronomistic
History and Deuteronomist
- Dr. Klaus Koch, D.D., Professor
Emeritus of Old Testament and History of the
Ancient near East Religions at the University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Andhra Christian Theological College, Secunderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
- Books of Chronicles
- University of Heidelberg (2001). Leben und Werk des Alttestamentlers Gerhard von Rad.
- Encyclopedia of World Bibliography (2005–2006). Gerhard von Rad Biography.
- Raymond F. Surburg in Concordia Theological
Quarterly (April - July 1982). Justification as a Doctrine of the Old Testament 46 (23).
- Bernard M. Levinson and Douglas Dance in Recht und Ethik im Alten
Testament, Münster/London: LIT Verlag (2004). The Metamorphosis of Law into Gospel: Gerhard von Rad's Attempt to
Reclaim the Old Testament for the Church (in Recht und Ethik im Alten Testament,
Münster/London: LIT Verlag, p. 83–110.).
- Bernard M. Levinson and Tina Sherman in Review of Biblical Literature (2010). Essay review of Susannah Heschel, The Aryan Jesus: Christian Theologian and the Bible in Nazi Germany.
- Manfred Oeming, "Gerhard von Rad as a Theologian of the Church" p. 229
- Martin Hauger, "On the Significance of Preaching in the Theology and Work of Gerhard von Rad" p. 278
- Bernard M. Levinson, "Reading the Bible in Nazi Germany: Gerhard von Rad's Attempt to
Reclaim the Old Testament for the Church" p. 238
No comments:
Post a Comment