A “Note of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith about Personal Ordinariates for Anglicans entering the Catholic Church”, published in Rome on Tuesday, said that the Pope had introduced a canonical structure that would allow former Anglicans to enter into full communion with the Roman Catholic Church “while preserving elements of the distinctive Anglican spiritual and liturgical patrimony”.
Under the term of the Apostolic Constitution, married former Anglican clergy (and seminarians) could have their vocation as priests in the Roman Catholic Church “discerned” within the new Personal Ordinariates, led by a former Anglican priest or former Anglican unmarried bishop.
They would be prepared in seminaries run by the bishops’ conferences alongside other RC seminarians. The Personal Ordinariate, like those provided for military person-nel, and their families and chaplains, would include clergy, religious, and lay people. It would provide a “house of formation” to “address the partic-ular needs of formation in the Anglican patrimony”.
In issuing the statement on Tuesday, Cardinal William Levada said that the new structure would “facilitate a kind of corporate reunion of Anglican groups” with the Catholic Church. He said that the move was “consistent with the commitment to ecumenical dialogue”, which remained a priority.
The Archbishop of Canterbury denied that the move would lead to a mass exodus of clergy from the Church of England. In a joint press conference with the RC Archbishop of Westminster, the Most Revd Vincent Nichols, Dr Williams said he had heard of the move only in the previous two weeks. He did not expect that large numbers of the clergy would take up the offer. Neither did he think that congregations would take their buildings with them, as there were “formidable legal obstacles to an alienation of a church”.
The Archbishops, who both appeared ill at ease, said that it would not affect the longer-term ecumenical goal of full visible communion. In their joint statement, they said that the announcement “brings to an end a period of uncertainty for . . . groups who have nurtured hopes of new ways of embracing unity with the [Roman] Catholic Church. It will now be up to those who have made requests to the Holy See to respond to the Apostolic Constitution.”
The provision was the first time that a juridical arrangement had been made to accommodate groups of Anglicans who wanted to become Catholics, Archbishop Nichols said. The authority of the proposed Personal Ordinariate, which would probably be named after a saint and could appear “overnight”, would be “cumulative”, built on top of his own authority as the Ordinary.
Ex-Anglican clergy who chose to be under the authority of the new Personel Ordinariate, if and when it was set up, would come under his authority when they were working in “a major action of the diocese”.
The details would be worked out in close collaboration with the Bishops’ Conference. Any Anglican liturgical forms or books would have first to be approved by the Vatican.
Both Archbishops said that they expected Anglo-Catholics to remain part of the Church of England. The work of the Anglican Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC) and the International Anglican-Roman Catholic Commission for Unity and Mission had established “a solid common heritage”, Dr Williams said.
He said that for 150 years “more or less significant numbers of Anglicans have entered into the Roman Catholic Communion”; so this move was neither an act of aggression nor a vote of no confidence. The “main stream” of ecumenical contacts continued.
Dr Williams was flanked by the Bishop of Guildford, the Rt Revd Christopher Hill, who suggested that the new provision was more likely to be taken up by Anglican clergy than lay people. But he welcomed its pastoral outreach, because it was better than people setting up their own little churches.
Mgr Andrew Faley, the Roman Catholic Church’s ecumenical representative on the General Synod, who was also present at the press conference, said afterwards that the move resembled one made by the Pope in January when he lifted the excommunication on the bishops of the Society of St Pius X in the interests of unity. Former Anglicans who were already Catholics would be free to choose whether to join the new Personal Ordinariate or not.
The details of the new arrangement will be clearer once the Apostolic Constitution and code of practice are published in the next two weeks.
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