4 June 1663 A.D. William Juxon
Dies—77th of 105 Archbishops of Canterbury; the Only Minister to King Charles 1 on the
Scaffold
Morrill, John S. “William Juxon.” Encyclopedia
Britannica. N.d. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/309022/William-Juxon. Accessed 4 Jun 2014.
William Juxon, (born 1582, probably Chichester,
Sussex, Eng.—died June 4, 1663, London), archbishop
of Canterbury and minister to King Charles I
on the scaffold. As lord high treasurer, Juxon was the last English clergyman
to hold both secular and clerical offices in the medieval tradition of clerical
state service.
A student of law at St. John’s College, Oxford, Juxon
turned to theology and was ordained a priest before 1615, when he became rector
of St. Giles, Oxford. In 1621 he succeeded his friend William
Laud as president of St. John’s and later was vice chancellor of the
university.
He soon became chaplain to Charles I,
was made dean of Worcester in 1627, and in 1632 was nominated bishop of
Hereford. In 1633, however, he was made bishop of London instead, again
succeeding Laud. Juxon was appointed by Charles in 1636 as lord high treasurer,
a post last held by a cleric in Henry VII’s reign (1485–1509). Resigning his
post in 1641, Juxon continued to advise the king during the English
Civil Wars, which began the next year. Charles was defeated in 1648 and
executed the following January, with Juxon the only priest to accompany him to
the scaffold. The same year, Juxon was deprived of his bishopric by Oliver
Cromwell and went into retirement. On the restoration of Charles II
in 1660 he was named archbishop of Canterbury, a position he held until his
death. His memoirs were published in 1869 (edited by W.H. Marah).
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