January 1687-1689 A.D. John Paterson—The Last Scots
Episcopal Archbishop of Glasgow; Bishop
of Galloway & Edinburgh; Banished to
England after Revolution; Buried in Chapel Royal of Holyrood, Edinburgh on 9 Dec 1708
John Paterson (archbishop of Glasgow)
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John Paterson
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Church
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See
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In
office
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1687–1689
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Predecessor
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Successor
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Episcopacy abolished
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Personal details
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Born
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1632
Scotland |
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Died
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9 December 1708
Edinburgh |
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John
Paterson (1632–1708), the last archbishop
of Glasgow, was the youngest son of John Paterson, bishop of Ross. John,
after some preliminary studies at Marischal College, University of Aberdeen, was admitted as a student of theology at the University of St Andrews on 13 March 1655, and he is entered as regent in St Leonard's College under date of 3 February 1658, indicating that he
had taught the junior class in the preceding year.
Contents
Biography
Early career
He probably continued to teach
there until called to succeed his father, though not without some opposition,[1] at Ellon on 6 November 1659, to which charge he was admitted
before 15 July 1660. On 24 October 1662 he was elected by the town council of Edinburgh as minister of the Tron Church, and was admitted on
4 January following. From that charge he was promoted to the deanery of the
High Kirk on 12 July 1672, and was admitted a burgess and guild-brother of the city on 13 November 1673.
Bishop of Galloway
He strongly opposed the
proposal of the more moderate party in the Scottish church in 1674 to hold a national synod. Through the influence of his patron, the Duke of
Lauderdale, he was appointed on 20
October 1674 to the see of Galloway, but was not consecrated until May 1675 at
Edinburgh.[2] For a few years father and son were thus occupants
of Scottish sees at the same time. On 27 September 1678 he was appointed a privy councillor.
Bishop of Edinburgh
He was translated to the bishopric
of Edinburgh on 29 March 1679. In the previous January he had obtained license from the
king to reside in Edinburgh, on the ground that he had not a competent manse or
dwelling-house in Galloway.[3] A pension of was granted him on 9 July 1680. He is
found assisting on 15 March 1685 at Lambeth at Sancroft's consecration of Baptist Levinz, the bishop of Sodor and Man.
On 20 July 1685 an order was
made for an annual payment to him by the city of Edinburgh of twelve hundred marks until the city should build him a house and chapel.
He went to London in February 1686, returning at the end of March to give the
king assurances that the bishops would support his proposed toleration,
although it was reported by the Duke of Hamilton in the following year that he was not in favour of
such an entire repeal of the penal laws as the king desired.[4]
Archbishop of Glasgow
He was rewarded by being
nominated to the see of
Glasgow on 21 January 1687, upon the illegal deprivation of Archbishop Alexander Cairncross. On 29 January 1688 he preached a thanksgiving sermon at Edinburgh for the
queen's being with child, in which he mentioned that she often spent six hours
at a time on her knees in prayer. At the Revolution he, with the majority of the bishops, adhered to James II. At the meeting of the estates in April 1689, when
nine bishops were present, of whom seven were against declaring the throne
vacant, "the Bishop of Glasgow made a long discourse of passive
obedience".[5]
After the revolution
He remained in Edinburgh,
living in privacy, after the Revolution, but is said to have been arrested in
1692 on suspicion of holding correspondence with the exiled court, and to have
been imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle.[6] The authority for this statement is not given; and
a further statement that he remained in prison until 1701 is incorrect, as, at
some date previous to 1695, he was banished from Scotland to England, and was restrained to London. Among the papers of the Earl of Rosslyn at Dysart House there is a journal kept by Paterson in London in 1695–6, in which he
records interviews with statesmen while seeking permission from William III of England to return to Scotland. Leave was at that time refused, and he was also
forbidden to reside in any of the northern counties of England. He was,
however, shortly afterwards permitted to return to Edinburgh, and probably
regained complete liberty upon the accession of Queen Anne in 1702.
Episcopal clergy
In that year he wrote a letter
from Edinburgh to Henry Compton, Bishop of London, on the subject of toleration for the episcopal
clergy. He exerted himself in the following years, together with the other
Scottish bishops, in endeavouring to obtain grants from the government for
relief of poor clergymen, as well as some allowance for themselves out of the
revenues of their sees. It was the queen's intention that such grants should be
made, but it was not carried into real effect, except with regard to Bishop Alexander Rose of Edinburgh and Paterson himself.
On 7 December 1704 Paterson
and Bishop Rose, with others, accredited Dr. Robert Scot, Dean of Glasgow, as an agent to make collections in England. Their
letters, with a list of contributions, were printed in 1864.[7] At the beginning of 1705 he went to London to approach the queen personally on the subject. He was favourably
received, and obtained a promise of £1,600 annually, out of which George
Lockhart of Carnwath charges him with securing £400 for himself, although he
was then worth £20,000, or, as the Archbishop of Canterbury reported (according to Paterson's own statement), £30,000. But Paterson
declared that he never had a third of the latter sum. On 25 January 1705, in
consequence of the number of surviving bishops being reduced to five, he, with
Bishops Rose and Douglas of Dunblane, consecrated, in a private chapel in his
own house at Edinburgh, Bishops Fullarton and Sage.
Death
He died at his house in
Edinburgh on 9 December 1708 and was buried on 23 December in the Chapel Royal of Holyrood, at the east end of the north side, at the foot of Bishop Wishart's
monument. The name of his wife and the date of marriage do not appear to be
known. She had died before 1696, in which year he records in his diary an offer
of marriage from Lady Warner. He speaks in several letters of his numerous
family.
Notes
2.
Jump up^ LAWSON, Hist. of Scottish Episcopal Church, p. 34; GRUB, Eccl. Hist. of Scotl. iii. p. 249)
6.
Jump up^ W. Nelson Clarke's preface to a "Collection of
Letters", &c. (Edinburgh, 1848), p. xxxi.
7.
Jump up^ I.e. in the "Antiquarian Communications of the
Cambridge Antiquarian Society", ii. pp. 226–231.
References
- Tristram Clarke, "Paterson, John (1632–1708)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004accessed 10 May 2007
- Robert Keith, An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops: Down to the Year 1688, (London, 1824)
Macray, William Dunn (1895). "Paterson,
John (1632-1708)".
In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary
of National Biography 44. London: Smith, Elder & Co.Attribution
This article incorporates text from a publication
now in the public domain: "Paterson,
John (1632-1708)". Dictionary
of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.|
Preceded by
James Hamilton |
Bishop of Galloway
1676–1679 |
Succeeded by
Arthur Rose |
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Preceded by
Alexander Young |
Bishop of Edinburgh
1679–1687 |
Succeeded by
Alexander Rose |
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Preceded by
Alexander Cairncross |
Archbishop of Glasgow
1687–1689 |
Succeeded by
Episcopacy abolished |
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Academic offices
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Preceded by
Alexander Cairncross |
Chancellor of the University of
Glasgow
1687–1691 |
Succeeded by
The Earl of Hyndford |
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