17 May
1575 A.D. Elizabeth’s
Matthew Parker Dies—85th of 105 Archbishops of Canterbury
Editors. “Matthew
Parker.” Encyclopedia Britannica. N.d.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/444098/Matthew-Parker. Accessed 16 Mary 2014.
Matthew Parker, (born
Aug. 6, 1504, Norwich,
Norfolk, Eng.—died May 17, 1575, Lambeth,
London), Anglican archbishop of Canterbury (1559–75) who presided over the
Elizabethan religious settlement in which the Church of England maintained a distinct identity apart from Roman
Catholicism and Protestantism.
Parker studied at
Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, and was ordained a priest in 1527, though he
had already become sympathetic to Lutheranism. From 1535 to 1547 he was dean of
a college of priests in Suffolk and from 1544 to 1553 master of Corpus Christi
College, occasionally holding other positions concurrently, such as chaplain to
Henry
VIII (1538) and vice chancellor of the University of
Cambridge (1545, 1549). Forced to resign and retire to private life under the
Roman Catholic Mary
I, he was consecrated archbishop of Canterbury 13 months
after Elizabeth I’s accession.
As archbishop,
Parker supervised the revision of Archbishop Thomas Cranmer’s 42 doctrinal
articles of 1553: the Thirty-Nine Articles (on which the Church of England
doctrinally rests) were printed in 1563 and authorized in 1571. He also
organized a new translation of the Bible, himself translating Genesis, Matthew,
and some Pauline letters; this Bishops’ Bible (1568) was official until the
King James Version (1611). The most troubled part of Parker’s primacy involved
the increasing conflict with the extremer reformers in the Church of England,
known from about 1565 as Precisians, or Puritans (who were not curbed until
after his death at age 71).
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